The new power system is an important part of the new energy system and a key carrier for achieving the "dual carbon" goal. State Grid Corporation of China is committed to becoming the main force in the construction of the new power system, coordinating development and safety, coordinating power supply and transformation, and taking comprehensive measures for power supply, power grid, load and energy storage. In order to promote the construction of the new power system from blueprint to reality, a series of explorations and practices have been carried out.

Recently, the company released a list of new power system demonstration benchmarks and a series of typical cases, including 10 system demonstration benchmarks and 10 project demonstration benchmarks, covering all aspects of the new power system, including power supply, network, load, storage and system mechanism. From theoretical methods to technical equipment, from operating models to institutional mechanisms, the company quantifies the construction results and guides the construction path, providing a basis and foundation for accelerating the creation of a number of replicable, popularizable and referenceable demonstration benchmarks.

At present, the pace of energy transformation with clean and low-carbon as the direction is accelerating. In 2023, the installed capacity of new energy in China will increase by 290 million kilowatts, which is equivalent to the cumulative installed capacity of new energy in the United States. This year, the green and low-carbon transformation of energy continues to make new breakthroughs. As of the end of September, my country's installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power generation reached 1.25 billion kilowatts, more than 6 years ahead of the 1.2 billion kilowatt target promised by my country at the Climate Ambition Summit. The accelerated pace of new energy development has brought unprecedented challenges to the power system. Clean energy has obvious green attributes, but it also has inherent disadvantages-"dependence on weather for food", volatility and uncertainty. How to coordinate grid security, power supply and new energy consumption?

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that it is necessary to accelerate the construction of a new power system that is clean, low-carbon, safe and abundant, economically efficient, coordinated in supply and demand, flexible and intelligent, better promote the revolution in energy production and consumption, and ensure national energy security. In order to adapt to the trend of green and low-carbon transformation of energy, the company has issued an action plan for building a new power system, promoting the demonstration construction of a new power system, and implementing a series of pragmatic measures such as major technical issues and key tasks of the new power system in 2030. All units of the company have boldly innovated and jointly explored and implemented a number of multidisciplinary and cross-professional pilot demonstration projects with local governments, power generation companies and power users.

After material application, formal review, preliminary screening, meeting review and online publicity, 20 new power system demonstration benchmarks have been "released". Typical cases focus on the characteristics of new power systems, adhere to problem-oriented, focus on the situation and challenges faced by the development of new power systems in various places, and strive to solve key issues such as power supply, operation safety, new energy consumption, and efficient interaction between sources and loads. "The selected cases pay more attention to practicality and innovation, have achieved obvious results in actual operation, and have strong demonstration and promotion value for similar scenarios." Zhang Ke said, "The purpose is to solve "big problems" with "small incisions". "Taking the Northwest Power Grid as the entry point, it is quite representative to see the coordinated optimization of the power grid at the transmission end of a high proportion of new energy, promote supply guarantee, stabilize power transmission, and promote consumption. The Northwest Power Grid is the first regional power grid in my country with new energy as the main installed capacity. At present, the installed capacity of new energy is 269 million kilowatts, accounting for 53.39% of the total installed capacity. The Northwest Branch of State Grid Corporation of China has made breakthroughs in key technologies for multi-source coordinated control of power grids with a high proportion of new energy, carried out new energy rapid frequency response practices, and improved the primary frequency regulation capacity of new energy from scratch to an excellent level, and on this basis, improved the consumption capacity of new energy. Ensure the safety of the power grid and increase the proportion of new energy power generation in the northwest region from 18% in 2020 to more than 10% in 2020, which is currently 30%. The new power system demonstration benchmark focuses on solving new problems in the development of the power grid and serving the use of green energy for the people's livelihood. A number of typical cases that can be replicated, promoted and referenced have been implemented: Beijing's sub-center promotes the transformation and upgrading of the distribution network with the path of "introducing green + allocating digital + improving efficiency + carbon sink", Jiangsu realizes observable and measurable distributed photovoltaics based on base station aggregation perception, and Meizhou Island in Putian, Fujian is moving towards "zero-carbon" smart life. . . Diversified energy supply and clean energy consumption, in the coordinated development of energy, power grid, load and energy storage, energy transformation is accelerating, and people are embracing a better life in the changes that are within reach.

02 Technological innovation leads the key technology research of new power system

With the gradual deepening of the construction of new power system, many technical researches have entered the "no man's land", which has put forward urgent practical needs and long-term strategic requirements for technological innovation. The company accurately grasps the key period of new power system construction and the window period of technological innovation during the "14th Five-Year Plan" to the "15th Five-Year Plan", adheres to the goal-oriented and problem-oriented approach, accelerates the iterative upgrade of key technologies and core products, and the intelligent empowerment of new technologies, and creates original technology sources. On the dam in winter, thousands of wind turbine blades rotate, and large areas of photovoltaic power generation equipment operate smoothly. On the dam, new energy is collected and transported on a large scale; below the dam, a large proportion of new energy is used on site. Zhangjiakou, Hebei is a typical entry point for observing the practice of new power system construction in large-scale new energy bases. Zhangjiakou's new power system has all the elements: in terms of source, the installed capacity of renewable energy accounts for 86.1% of the total installed capacity, making it the city with the largest installed capacity of non-hydropower renewable energy in the country; on the grid side, the ±500kV Zhangbei flexible DC transmission demonstration project, the 1000kV Zhangbei-Xiong'an ultra-high voltage AC transmission and transformation project and the 500kV AC grid structure form a DC-DC integrated transmission grid; in terms of load, the regional load has set a new high for ten consecutive years, and new loads such as new energy vehicles and distributed energy storage have been connected to the grid in large quantities; in terms of energy storage, a 10 million kilowatt energy storage demonstration base supported by pumped storage is being planned. State Grid Corporation of China Power Co., Ltd. has made breakthroughs in major projects such as the grid-connected flexible DC demonstration and the "new energy + phase shift + energy storage" flexible transmission system demonstration, solving the difficulties of new energy development with scientific and technological innovation.

In terms of power supply, new energy development extends to the "Sago Desert" and the deep sea. More challenges have promoted the research and application of new technologies. State Grid North China Branch took the lead in adopting the key technology of "large-scale distributed phase shifting + new lightning arrester + energy storage" to improve transmission capacity, increasing the new energy transmission capacity of Ximeng from 1.5 million kilowatts to 6 million kilowatts. The project results formed on this basis were selected as the project demonstration benchmark.

On the user side, new loads such as new energy vehicles, distributed energy storage, and data centers continue to emerge. Cities and villages focus on the "last mile" of power supply, using the construction of smart distribution networks to meet the access needs of new loads. Hangzhou Power Grid is the largest provincial capital city power grid in the company's operating area, which can carry 25 million kilowatts of load and withstand 3 million kilowatts of interference. In Lankao County, Henan Province, the first rural energy revolution pilot county in the country, the local government has promoted the comprehensive development of light, storage, charging, soft loads and microgrids, and built a new rural power system with the goal of achieving regional semi-autonomy. Strengthening basic theoretical research, improving innovation systems and mechanisms, accelerating the research and development of key technologies, and achieving major engineering breakthroughs, the company uses scientific and technological innovation and mechanism innovation as the driving force to adapt to the evolution of the development form of new power systems and promote the coordinated development of industrial iteration and transformation of new power systems.

03Digitalization and intelligent empowerment form new momentum for high-quality development of power grids

Energy revolution and digital revolution are mutually integrated and promoted. Digitalization and intelligentization technologies have become effective means to enhance the perception and control capabilities of new power systems and accelerate the formation of new momentum for high-quality development of power grids? The company widely applies new digital technologies, advanced information and communication technologies, advanced control technologies, etc. to various links and fields of power grids, promotes the acceleration of digital transformation of core businesses such as power grid production, operation, and management, and improves the level of intelligent interaction and safe operation of power grids.

"Cloud" focuses on clean and low-carbon and serves the development of new energy. The world's largest new energy cloud platform has connected more than 6.5 million new energy sites. Based on cloud computing technology, it conducts new energy consumption capacity analysis, guides the scientific development and reasonable layout of new energy, and promotes the "increase in quantity and rate" of new energy power generation.

The simulation platform focuses on safety and richness, and "sees" the operating mechanism of large power grids. The company has built a domestic large-scale electromagnetic transient simulation platform for power systems, with a simulation scale of tens of thousands of nodes, covering a transmission line length of more than 1.5 million kilometers and a scale of tens of thousands of nodes. The electromagnetic transient simulation of large-scale power grids with multiple DC and high proportion of new energy sources has been realized, which completely solves the world-class problems of "unable to simulate", "unable to simulate accurately" and "unable to simulate quickly" in large-scale power grid simulation.

Virtual power plants focus on economic benefits, "piling sand into a tower". Relying on the new power load management system, State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd. has built a virtual power plant operation and management platform, with a cumulative regulation capacity equivalent to three 350,000-kilowatt thermal power units, mobilizing load-side resources to participate in power grid regulation in a market-oriented manner. Various discrete resources are "fast up and down", demand response is more flexible, and participating entities are more diversified, adding a sense of ease to the summer power grid.

The soft control system focuses on supply and demand coordination and manages loads in a refined way. This year, the number of high-temperature days recorded by the Chongqing Shapingba National Basic Meteorological Station reached 68 days, and the maximum load of the Chongqing power grid reached 28.37 million kilowatts, with a high proportion of air-conditioning load. "The rapid growth of air-conditioning load has become an important factor affecting the balance of power supply and demand. We have established China's first municipal cluster control demonstration project and the first provincial soft control system, which helps accurately reduce peak load and ensure supply through air-conditioning load management." Wang Song, deputy director of the marketing department of the State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company, introduced.

"The hand of the market" focuses on flexibility and intelligence to support the balanced supervision of the system. With the recent cold wave, the power load in many places has increased, and the output of new energy power generation has fluctuated. In the Shanxi Power Spot Market, the first provincial power spot market officially operated in China, the price-oriented coal-fired power generation units have increased their enthusiasm for power generation, the space for new energy consumption has been fully released, and the flexibly adjusted resources have actively entered the market to support power supply.

The construction of the new power system is a pioneering work. From the release of the 2021 action plan to the implementation of the demonstration benchmark, the company has gradually explored the way to build a new power system. The construction of the new power system takes a long time, involves a wide range of fields and involves many aspects. Looking forward to the future, efforts will be made to speed up and improve quality. The joint efforts of the government, power grid, power sources and users will produce more results, adding impetus to promoting energy transformation, building a beautiful China and serving the people's better life.